enrich: Olympians tier (Zaley enrichment answers)
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</div></section><section class="prose-section" data-astro-cid-wdanigbj><h2 class="kicker" data-astro-cid-wdanigbj>Mythology</h2><div class="prose-body" data-astro-cid-wdanigbj><h2>Fostered at the world's edge and won by a cuckoo</h2>
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</div></section><section class="prose-section" data-astro-cid-wdanigbj><h2 class="kicker" data-astro-cid-wdanigbj>Mythology</h2><div class="prose-body" data-astro-cid-wdanigbj><h2>Fostered at the world's edge and won by a cuckoo</h2>
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<p>Two strands account for Hera's beginning. In Hesiod she is swallowed at birth by Cronus with her siblings and later disgorged; but Homer preserves an older tale in which Rhea, as Zeus was overthrowing Cronus, carried the infant Hera to the ends of the earth and gave her to Oceanus and Tethys, who raised her kindly in their house (Iliad 14.200–204). Her courtship with Zeus is set in the Argolid: as Hera walked alone on Mount Thornax, Zeus raised a storm and turned himself into a bedraggled, shivering cuckoo; the goddess, taking pity, caught the bird and warmed it against her breast beneath her cloak — whereupon Zeus resumed his form. From this the cuckoo perched on Hera's sceptre, and the mountain was renamed Kokkygion, from kokkyx, "cuckoo" (Pausanias 2.17.4, 2.36.1–2). Their union became the divine model of the wedding, the sacred marriage (hieros gamos) claimed and re-enacted by rival sanctuaries — Argos, Samos, and Euboea each insisting the marriage of the god and goddess was theirs.</p>
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<p>Two strands account for Hera's beginning. In Hesiod she is swallowed at birth by Cronus with her siblings and later disgorged; but Homer preserves an older tale in which Rhea, as Zeus was overthrowing Cronus, carried the infant Hera to the ends of the earth and gave her to Oceanus and Tethys, who raised her kindly in their house (Iliad 14.200–204). Her courtship with Zeus is set in the Argolid: as Hera walked alone on Mount Thornax, Zeus raised a storm and turned himself into a bedraggled, shivering cuckoo; the goddess, taking pity, caught the bird and warmed it against her breast beneath her cloak — whereupon Zeus resumed his form. From this the cuckoo perched on Hera's sceptre, and the mountain was renamed Kokkygion, from kokkyx, "cuckoo" (Pausanias 2.17.4, 2.36.1–2). Their union became the divine model of the wedding, the sacred marriage (hieros gamos) claimed and re-enacted by rival sanctuaries — Argos, Samos, and Euboea each insisting the marriage of the god and goddess was theirs.</p>
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<h2>The jealous queen: Io, Leto, and the persecutions</h2>
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<h2>The jealous queen: Io, Leto, and the persecutions</h2>
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<p>Hera's wrath is the engine of many of the greatest myths. When Zeus loved the Argive priestess Io, Hera's suspicion drove him to hide his mistress by turning her into a white heifer; Hera demanded the heifer as a gift and set the hundred-eyed giant Argus Panoptes, whose eyes never all slept at once, to guard her — until Hermes lulled and slew him, and Hera sent a maddening gadfly to chase Io in torment across the world, from Greece to Egypt (Apollodorus 2.1.3). When Zeus's lover Leto came to term, Hera forbade any land under sun to receive her in her labour and detained Eileithyia, goddess of birth-pangs, so that Leto wandered in agony until the floating island of Delos at last dared to take her. Above all she hated Heracles, son of Zeus by Alcmene: she sent two serpents into his cradle, which the infant strangled; she afterward struck him with the madness in which he killed his own children; and it was through her contrivance that he was bound to serve Eurystheus and perform the Twelve Labours. His name itself — "the glory of Hera" — binds the greatest hero of the Greeks to the goddess who tormented him.</p>
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<p>Hera's wrath is the engine of many of the greatest myths. When Zeus loved the Argive priestess Io, Hera's suspicion drove him to hide his mistress by turning her into a white heifer; Hera demanded the heifer as a gift and set the hundred-eyed giant Argus Panoptes, whose eyes never all slept at once, to guard her — until Hermes lulled and slew him — and Hera, in memory of her faithful watchman, set his hundred unsleeping eyes in the tail of the peacock, her sacred bird (a tradition told fully by the Roman poet Ovid, Metamorphoses 1.720–723). She then sent a maddening gadfly to chase Io in torment across the world, from Greece to Egypt (Apollodorus 2.1.3). When Zeus's lover Leto came to term, Hera forbade any land under sun to receive her in her labour and detained Eileithyia, goddess of birth-pangs, so that Leto wandered in agony until the floating island of Delos at last dared to take her. Above all she hated Heracles, son of Zeus by Alcmene: she sent two serpents into his cradle, which the infant strangled; she afterward struck him with the madness in which he killed his own children; and it was through her contrivance that he was bound to serve Eurystheus and perform the Twelve Labours. His name itself — "the glory of Hera" — binds the greatest hero of the Greeks to the goddess who tormented him.</p>
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<h2>Births without a father: Hephaestus and Typhaon</h2>
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<h2>Births without a father: Hephaestus and Typhaon</h2>
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<p>Twice Hera answered Zeus's own solo act of creation — his birth of Athena from his head — with a defiant parthenogenesis of her own. Enraged that her husband had brought forth a child without her, "without union with Zeus," she conceived and bore Hephaestus alone, the master-craftsman of the gods, greatest in skill of all the sons of heaven (Hesiod, Theogony 927–929). A darker mirror of the same wound appears in the Homeric Hymn to Apollo (305–355): furious at Zeus for the birth of Athena, Hera prayed to Earth and the Titans and struck the ground, and bore by herself the monster Typhaon — a scourge to mortals, "like neither the gods nor men" — which she gave to the she-dragon at Delphi to nurse, until Apollo slew the serpent beside the spring at Pytho. In these paired births Hera is not the passive queen but a primordial mother-power, capable of creating life and monstrosity alike in answer to a husband who would make gods without her.</p>
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<p>Twice Hera answered Zeus's own solo act of creation — his birth of Athena from his head — with a defiant parthenogenesis of her own. Enraged that her husband had brought forth a child without her, "without union with Zeus," she conceived and bore Hephaestus alone, the master-craftsman of the gods, greatest in skill of all the sons of heaven (Hesiod, Theogony 927–929). A darker mirror of the same wound appears in the Homeric Hymn to Apollo (305–355): furious at Zeus for the birth of Athena, Hera prayed to Earth and the Titans and struck the ground, and bore by herself the monster Typhaon — a scourge to mortals, "like neither the gods nor men" — which she gave to the she-dragon at Delphi to nurse, until Apollo slew the serpent beside the spring at Pytho. In these paired births Hera is not the passive queen but a primordial mother-power, capable of creating life and monstrosity alike in answer to a husband who would make gods without her.</p>
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<h2>The Judgement of Paris and the wrath against Troy</h2>
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<h2>The Judgement of Paris and the wrath against Troy</h2>
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